(A) India has not conducted a nationwide caste census with publicaly released caste-specific data since 1931, apart from some individual states counting Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) only. Recently, opposition parties like the Congress, RJD, and Samajwadi Party have demanded a full caste census.
The BJP has historically been seen as a party dominated by upper-caste leadership and support, especially during its early years. While it has expanded its voter base to include OBCs (Other Backward Classes) and Dalits, it is often criticised for maintaining an upper-caste bias.