(A) THW replace all university fees with a lifetime tax on student earnings (Student Tax)
24%
10%
5 Gov wins
2 Opp wins
balance inconclusive
14%
17%
6 Gov vetoes
7 Opp vetoes
probably balanced
(B) TH, as an Ivy League University, W implement strong political neutrality laws on campus (Neutrality)
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(B) Political neutrality laws mandate individuals to avoid partisan involvement in political affairs, including but not limited to restricting public demonstrations, etc.
19%
24%
4 Gov wins
5 Opp wins
balance inconclusive
24%
10 Gov vetoes
1 Opp veto
imbalanced at 1% level
(C) THO educational stultification in tertiary education (Stultification)
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(C) Educational stultification refers to efforts to deliberately inhibit the complete transfer of knowledge from teacher to student. This includes deliberately utilizing a self-help approach to learning and adapting questions from a different textbook when testing for student performance.
14%
10%
3 Gov wins
2 Opp wins
balance inconclusive
12%
31%
5 Gov vetoes
13 Opp vetoes
imbalanced at 10% level
Round 2
(A) TH, as a progressive investor with a minority stake in a large multinational company, W divest from it if the company chooses to align itself closely with conservative governments (MNCs)
10%
2 Gov wins
0 Opp wins
balance inconclusive
7%
31%
3 Gov vetoes
13 Opp vetoes
imbalanced at 2% level
(B) THW break up the Chaebols in South Korea's energy sector (eg: the SK Group, LG, etc) (Chaebols)
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(B) Chaebols are large family-controlled conglomerates that have historically enjoyed strong government support through loans, subsidies, and tax breaks, particularly in the construction, steel, oil, and chemical industries.
10%
19%
2 Gov wins
4 Opp wins
balance inconclusive
31%
10%
13 Gov vetoes
4 Opp vetoes
imbalanced at 5% level
(C) In developed countries, THW compel Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to comply with sustainability reporting standards (SMEs)
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(C) Sustainability reporting is an emerging trend in financial accounting that aims to provide relevant information on Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) activities, advocacies, and impacts of private businesses. Sustainability reporting is currently limited to disclosure requirements and is mostly required for publicly-listed companies.
29%
33%
6 Gov wins
7 Opp wins
probably balanced
12%
10%
5 Gov vetoes
4 Opp vetoes
balance inconclusive
Round 3
(A) THBT the feminist movement should actively discourage women from engaging in feminine linguistic behaviour (Linguistics)
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(A) Feminine linguistic behaviour refers to linguistic patterns and styles that are considered feminine, including but not limited to, the use of hedges (words or phrases that softens statements such as 'I think' and 'Maybe'), the excessive use of typological symbols like exclamation points ! to express excitement, … to express hesitancy, and emoticons to express emotions.
19%
4 Gov wins
1 Opp win
balance inconclusive
33%
14 Gov vetoes
1 Opp veto
imbalanced at 0.1% level
(B) THBT the 'Strong Mother' trope has done more harm than good for the feminist cause (Strong Mother)
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(B) The 'Strong Mother' trope in the media depicts mother-figure characters as self-reliant and independent, with a strong will to make great personal sacrifices for their children. The trope is often associated with single or immigrant mothers to further highlight the struggles they have to face.
29%
43%
6 Gov wins
9 Opp wins
imbalanced at 50% level
12%
5 Gov vetoes
1 Opp veto
balance inconclusive
(C) TH, as the feminist movement, W actively deplatform TERFs from feminist spaces (TERFs)
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(C) TERFs (Trans-Exclusionary Radical Feminists) are individuals who identify with radical feminism but reject the inclusion of transgender women in women’s spaces and rights movements.
0 Gov wins
1 Opp win
balance inconclusive
45%
2 Gov vetoes
19 Opp vetoes
imbalanced at 0.1% level
Round 4
(A) THW ban the export of surveillance technologies (e.g., facial recognition, spyware) from democracies to authoritarian regimes (Surveillance)
15%
10%
3 Gov wins
2 Opp wins
balance inconclusive
35%
0 Gov vetoes
14 Opp vetoes
imbalanced at 0.1% level
(B) THBT African states should militarily intervene to remove undemocratic military regimes from power regardless of consensus within the African Union (e.g., Niger, Gabon, Burkina Faso) (Regimes)
10%
10%
2 Gov wins
2 Opp wins
balance inconclusive
40%
5%
16 Gov vetoes
2 Opp vetoes
imbalanced at 0.1% level
(C) THBT South East Asian countries should prioritise regional energy interdependence (e.g., ASEAN power grid) over national energy security (Asian Energy)
30%
25%
6 Gov wins
5 Opp wins
probably balanced
8%
8%
3 Gov vetoes
3 Opp vetoes
balance inconclusive
Round 5
(A) THBT the Catholic Church should abandon clerical celibacy (Religion)
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(A) Clerical celibacy refers to the practice where clergy members are required to remain unmarried and abstain from sexual activity
16%
11%
3 Gov wins
2 Opp wins
balance inconclusive
18%
18%
7 Gov vetoes
7 Opp vetoes
probably balanced
(B) THW disallow religious congregations from disrupting public activity (blocking roads for religious events, use of loudspeakers for prayer meetings, hosting congregations in public parks, etc.) (Religion)
11%
5%
2 Gov wins
1 Opp win
balance inconclusive
26%
18%
10 Gov vetoes
7 Opp vetoes
imbalanced at 50% level
(C) THBT religious leaders should emphasize the outlook of 'Leaving it to God' during times of hardship (Religion)
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(C) ''Leaving it to God' is a philosophy whereby individuals relinquish individual control and instead rely on divine intervention from a higher power or being to provide guidance and solutions through difficult situations.
42%
16%
8 Gov wins
3 Opp wins
imbalanced at 50% level
5%
13%
2 Gov vetoes
5 Opp vetoes
balance inconclusive
Quarterfinals
(B) THBT left wing activists should engage in widespread vigilante action to protect undocumented migrants from deportation by the Trump administration (Politics)
50%
0 Gov wins
2 Opp wins
balance inconclusive
13%
1 Gov veto
0 Opp vetoes
balance inconclusive
(C) THO incumbent governments criminally prosecuting ex heads of state after they have left office (Imran Khan, Jacob Zuma, etc.) (Politics)
50%
0 Gov wins
2 Opp wins
balance inconclusive
13%
13%
1 Gov veto
1 Opp veto
balance inconclusive
Semifinals
(A) In cases involving determining the legality of constitutional amendments, THBT judges should exercise significant judicial restraint (Law)
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(A) Judicial restraint is a theory of judicial interpretation that encourages judges to limit their power and defer to elected officials, particularly when it comes to policy decisions.
100%
2 Gov wins
0 Opp wins
balance inconclusive
No teams vetoed this motion
Grand Final
(B) THBT term limits for military leadership positions would do more harm than good to states with a past history of democratic backsliding due to hostile military takeovers (Military)
100%
0 Gov wins
1 Opp win
balance inconclusive
No teams vetoed this motion
Novice Finals
(C) Assuming the technology to make people obedient to all criminal laws exists, THBT states should administer it to their population (Law)